@article { author = {Kaszás, László and Kovács, Zoltán and Nagy, Eva and Elhawat, Nevien and Abdalla, Neama and Domokos-Szabolcsy, Eva}, title = {Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) as a Potential Chlorophyll Source for Humans and Animals Nutrition}, journal = {Environment, Biodiversity and Soil Security}, volume = {2}, number = {2018}, pages = {1-9}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The National Centre for Information and Documentation (NIDOC), the Academy of Scientific Research and Technology}, issn = {2536-9415}, eissn = {2536-9423}, doi = {10.21608/jenvbs.2018.2942.1022}, abstract = {The current research was aimed to evaluate the vegetative part of seven ecotypes/varieties of Jerusalem artichoke as a potential source for chlorophyll. Alfalfa (Hunor variety) was applied as a control. Open field experiment was carried out during spring season 2016 at Horticultural Demonstration Garden at the University of Debrecen, Hungary. Pigments were measured in intact leaves, green juice and fiber fraction of different Jerusalem artichoke ecotypes/varieties. Results verified that alfalfa had higher contents of different photosynthetic pigments in both intact leaves and green juice, while fiber fraction of Jerusalem artichoke ecotypes/varieties contained higher photosynthetic pigments contents. Among Jerusalem artichoke varieties, Piri ecotype had highest chlorophyll a (6.199 mg g-1 DM), carotenoids (8.865 mg g-1 DM) and xanthophyll (2.946 mg g-1 DM) contents in fiber fraction than other varieties. In green juice fraction, highest contents of carotenoids and xanthophyll (1.752 and 0.709 mg g-1 DM, respectively) were corresponded to Rubic ecotype. Intact leaves of Tápiói sima ecotype had the highest contents of chlorophyll a and xanthophyll (8.478 and 2.977 mg g-1 DM, respectively) compared to other varieties. While Alba plants had the highest chlorophyll b content in both leaves and fiber fraction (2.307 and 3.184 mg g-1 DM, respectively), Fuza ecotype recorded the highest content of chlorophyll b and carotenoids (1.042 and 4.042 mg g-1 DM, respectively) in green juice and leaves, respectively. However, these results revealed that green leaves of Jerusalem artichoke as it is or fractionated as green juice and fiber fractions are potential sources for chlorophyll .}, keywords = {Jerusalem artichoke,Photosynthetic pigments,Chlorophyll a and b,Carotenoids,nutrition}, url = {https://jenvbs.journals.ekb.eg/article_5519.html}, eprint = {https://jenvbs.journals.ekb.eg/article_5519_9c6358cb466cd8b1cf82c4dc4d536476.pdf} } @article { author = {El-Akhdar, Ibrahim and Omara, Alaa El-Dein and Abdel-Rahman, Mohamed}, title = {Intergradation of Different Fertilizers for Sustainable Agriculture Enhanced Growth and Yield of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)}, journal = {Environment, Biodiversity and Soil Security}, volume = {2}, number = {2018}, pages = {11-23}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The National Centre for Information and Documentation (NIDOC), the Academy of Scientific Research and Technology}, issn = {2536-9415}, eissn = {2536-9423}, doi = {10.21608/jenvbs.2018.3479.1025}, abstract = {Organic farming is an advantageous agricultural system that enhances agro-ecosystem health, including biogeochemical cycles, biological activity and biodiversity in soils. In this regard, greenhouse and lyzemeter experiments were conducted to evaluate eight compost preparations, and to investigate the combined effect of compost- Azotobacter chroococcum on growth and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Cv. Misr 2 under different nitrogen levels (36, 72 and 108 kg N ha-1). In greenhouse experiment, application of compost treatment No. 8 (produced by mixture of rice straw, cattle dung and inoculated with Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus sonorensis) attained the highest vegetative growth parameters at 46.3 cm plant height, 8.92 g plant fresh weight and 2.96 g dry weight of wheat plants at 30 days after sowing comparing with control. An increase of 100 % N2 treatment has been measured for all vegetative growth parameters at 60 and 90 days after sowing. Similar trend was also exhibited in N % of root and shoot of plant. On the other hand, significant enhancement in vegetative growth was obtained using co-amendments treatments with compost treatment No.8, mineral N2 and inoculation with Azotobacter chroococcum at different doses compared to traditional N-fertilizer dose for lyzemeter experiment. The data showed that application with 50% of full dose of compost supplemented with Azotobacter chroococcum is the most effective treatment for enhancing urease and dehydrogenase and microbial activity in soil, as well as yield parameters of plant at different period times compared to control.}, keywords = {Organic fertilizer,Bacillus licheniformis,Bacillus sonorensis,Azotobacter Chroococcum,wheat growth}, url = {https://jenvbs.journals.ekb.eg/article_6683.html}, eprint = {https://jenvbs.journals.ekb.eg/article_6683_d0835836b2c7b3f97b73ec03148393a2.pdf} } @article { author = {Amer, Megahed and El- Emary, Foad A.}, title = {Impact of Foliar with Nano-silica in Mitigation of Salt Stress on Some Soil Properties, Crop-Water Productivity and Anatomical Structure of Maize and Faba Bean}, journal = {Environment, Biodiversity and Soil Security}, volume = {2}, number = {2018}, pages = {25-38}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The National Centre for Information and Documentation (NIDOC), the Academy of Scientific Research and Technology}, issn = {2536-9415}, eissn = {2536-9423}, doi = {10.21608/jenvbs.2018.3753.1026}, abstract = {IMPROVING soil productivity, enhancing nutrition use efficiency, and protecting plants from environmental stress, can be ascertained by nanofertilizers. Lysimeter experiments were conducted at Sakha Agriculture Research Station Farm during two successive summer 2017 and winter 2018 growing seasons to study the effect of foliar application with different concentrations with nano-silica and different salinity of irrigation water on some soil properties and productivity of maize and faba bean plants. For soil properties, results showed that there are no variations between soil salinity and foliar application with different concentrations with nano-silica. But, there is a remarkable variation in mean of soil salinity between irrigation with fresh water and blended with well water treatments, which T4 (1.36 dS m-1), recorded 4.32 and 4.47 dS m-1, compared with T2 (2.45 dS m-1), recorded 5.07 and 5.28 dS m-1, at 0-20 cm depth for maize and faba bean plants, respectively. Also, the mean values of Exchangeable sodium percent after harvesting of maize was 12.55, 14.97, 14.72 and 13.85 % with different irrigation water treatments T1 (0.51 dS m-1), T2 (2.45 dS m-1), T3 (1.84 dS m-1), and T4 (1.36 dS m-1), respectively, at 0-20 cm depth. The same trend was exhibited by faba bean plants. Anatomical structure in roots of maize and faba bean plants recorded increment (22.75% and 15.54%) with 300 mg L-1 nano-Si more than the control. Also, all of the anatomical characters of roots were decreased by increasing of the salinity irrigation water and recorded lowest values up to T2 (2.45 dS m-1) and without nano-Si. Treatment T2 showed a significant reduction in grain yield (39.28 and 80.13 %), and in straw yield (38.84 and 78.06%) for maize and faba bean plants, respectively, in comparison with the control treatment, T1. On the other hand, T4 recorded the highest values 4.22 and 5.32 Mg Fed.-1 in grain and straw yield of maize plants and 1.74 and 1.84 Mg fed-1 in grain and straw yield of faba bean plants, respectively, under foliar application with 300 mg L-1 of nano-silica compared with other concentrations. The same trend was observed in chlorophyll content, nitrogen uptake and nitrogen use efficiency of maize and faba bean. Based on these results, foliar application with 300 mg L-1 of nano-silica is the proper concentration to mitigate the salt stress for maize and faba bean plants.}, keywords = {Crop-water productivity,Nano silica,salinity,Soil}, url = {https://jenvbs.journals.ekb.eg/article_8044.html}, eprint = {https://jenvbs.journals.ekb.eg/article_8044_706461d2dc85779de837ff96a30cb786.pdf} } @article { author = {Omara, Alaa El-Dein and Nour El-Din, Mohamed and Hauka, Fathi and Hafez, Aida and El-Nahrawy, Sahar and Ghazi, Azza and Elsakhawy, Tamer and Fusco, Vincenzina}, title = {Suppression of Rhizoctonia solani Damping-off in Soybean (Glycine max L.) by Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria Strains}, journal = {Environment, Biodiversity and Soil Security}, volume = {2}, number = {2018}, pages = {39-49}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The National Centre for Information and Documentation (NIDOC), the Academy of Scientific Research and Technology}, issn = {2536-9415}, eissn = {2536-9423}, doi = {10.21608/jenvbs.2018.3231.1024}, abstract = {In vitro and in pots experiments were performed at Sakha Agriculture Research Station of Kafr El-Sheikh (Egypt) to evaluate the antagonistic activity of plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) strains of the Bradyrhizobium japonicum, Bacillus megaterium var. phosphaticum, Methylobacterium aminovorans, M. rhodinum, and Trichoderma viride species against Rhizoctonia solani, causing soybean damping-off. All tested strains showed in vitro a notable ability to inhibit mycelial growth of R. solani on different growth media. T. viride and M. rhodinum showed the highest rate of antagonism against R. solani. In pots, all the treatments of PGPR notably decreased damping-off and increased healthy plants, as compared to the control (infested soil). As compared to the un-inoculated NPK fertilized control, higher growth parameters for shoot and root dry weight (g plant-1), number of nodules and dry weight of nodules (mg plant-1), chlorophyll content and NPK % of shoot and root, were recorded for the T11 (inoculation with B. japonicum 110 + M. aminovorans ML3 + B. megaterium var. phosphaticum B6 + T. viride) and T12 (inoculation with B. japonicum 110 + M. rhodinum ML12 + B. megaterium var. phosphaticum B6 + T. viride) treatments. Seeds yield of soybean plants attained higher values. The PGPR bacterial bioagents herein tested could participate in reducing the incidence of damping-off of soybean besides avoiding the use of excess fungicides. Such biocontrol approach should be included in the integrated pests and disease management programs.}, keywords = {Soybean,PGPR,Bacteria,fungi,Damping-off}, url = {https://jenvbs.journals.ekb.eg/article_8045.html}, eprint = {https://jenvbs.journals.ekb.eg/article_8045_73ca805a6703ce8d1fc5f0545ac88bd9.pdf} } @article { author = {El-Ghamry, Ayman and Mosa, Ahmed and Alshaal, Tarek and El-Ramady, Hassan}, title = {Nanofertilizers vs. Biofertilizers: New Insights}, journal = {Environment, Biodiversity and Soil Security}, volume = {2}, number = {2018}, pages = {51-72}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The National Centre for Information and Documentation (NIDOC), the Academy of Scientific Research and Technology}, issn = {2536-9415}, eissn = {2536-9423}, doi = {10.21608/jenvbs.2018.3880.1029}, abstract = {Bio- and nano-fertilizers are one of the most important tools in modern agriculture and agri-food as well as a driving economic force in the near future. Also, bio- and nano-fertilizers also play an important role as promising methods for increasing use efficiency of different water and land resources, reducing environmental pollutions as well. So, environment friendly biotechnological approaches may offer alternatives to chemical fertilizers. Phosphurus, K and Zn solubilizer microbes are the most important microbial traits in soil biogeochemical cycles and plant growth promotion. The biosynthesis of nanomaterials using bacteria, algae, yeast, fungi, actinomycetes and plants has led to a new area of research for the formation of inorganic nanoparticles as eco-friendly fertilizers. Now, use of nanofertilizers in plant nutrition is one of the major roles of nanotechnology in agriculture and soil sciences. Thus, the application of biosynthesized nanoparticles in agricultural sector may lead to sustainable development. Hence, this leads to sustainable agriculture through putting less inputs and generating less wastes, minimizing nutrient losses, and release nutrients at a proper rate for plant demand comparing with conventional farming. There is very slight difference between bio- and nano-fertilizers depending on their mechanisms in the soil and plant, application methods, effective rates of addition as well as their impact on the environment. However, both nano-and bio-fertilizers and their interaction are needed further studies. Therefore, this review will focus on the new insights and a comparison between both nano- and bio-fertilizers.}, keywords = {biofertilizer,Nanoparticles,Biosynthesis,fertilizers,nanofertilizer}, url = {https://jenvbs.journals.ekb.eg/article_8905.html}, eprint = {https://jenvbs.journals.ekb.eg/article_8905_6828f144d027b0bed725bf2e9e92fcab.pdf} } @article { author = {Elsakhawy, Tamer and Omara, Alaa El-Dein and Alshaal, Tarek and El-Ramady, Hassan}, title = {Nanomaterials and Plant Abiotic Stress in Agroecosystems}, journal = {Environment, Biodiversity and Soil Security}, volume = {2}, number = {2018}, pages = {73-94}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The National Centre for Information and Documentation (NIDOC), the Academy of Scientific Research and Technology}, issn = {2536-9415}, eissn = {2536-9423}, doi = {10.21608/jenvbs.2018.3897.1030}, abstract = {The fate and transformation of nanomaterials in agroecosystems were and still one of the most issues all over the world. Therefore, enormous studies have been published concerning these nanomaterials and their applications in different fields including agricultural, medicinal and industrial sectors. The agricultural applications include soil and water nano-remediation, plant nano-nutrition, plant nano-protection, etc. Moreover, the agri-nanotechnology has many environmental and agricultural challenges including agri-sustainability, management of plant diseases and crop protection, remediating the environmental pollution, water management, minimizing the loss of nutrients and their optimizing as well as ameliorating plant abiotic stresses. On the other hand, nanomaterials under certain concentrations may generate and exhibit many toxic effects on plants due to induce different reactive species like oxygen and nitrogen. Therefore, further studies are needed at different levels including molecular and subcellular levels in order to determine the behavior of nanomaterials in inhibiting and/or in inducing plant stress. The mode of action of this behavior also is needed more elucidations under different agroecosystem conditions. This review is an attempt to evaluate the behavior of nanomaterials under plant abiotic stress and agroecosystem conditions. The role of nanomaterials in ameliorating plant abiotic stresses mainly will be also highlighted.}, keywords = {Nanomaterials,plants,agroecosystems,abiotic stress,sustainable}, url = {https://jenvbs.journals.ekb.eg/article_9256.html}, eprint = {https://jenvbs.journals.ekb.eg/article_9256_eb68a727136f0cdb357c8a39179c1d71.pdf} } @article { author = {Elkhwaga, Amal and Elzaawely, Abdelnaser and Draz, Ibrahim and Ismail, Abdelwahab and El-Zahaby, Hassan}, title = {Potential of Some Plant Extracts in Controlling Wheat Leaf Rust Caused by Puccinia triticina Eriks}, journal = {Environment, Biodiversity and Soil Security}, volume = {2}, number = {2018}, pages = {95-102}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The National Centre for Information and Documentation (NIDOC), the Academy of Scientific Research and Technology}, issn = {2536-9415}, eissn = {2536-9423}, doi = {10.21608/jenvbs.2018.4421.1031}, abstract = {LEAF rust, caused by Puccinia triticina Eriks., is among the most common wheat rust diseases in Egypt causing major losses in the grain yield. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of water and 80%-methanol extracts prepared from seven different plants (henna, blue gum, acalypha, chinaberry, pomegranate, basil, and lantana) in controlling the leaf-rust disease of wheat. In an in vitro experiment, all methanol extracts inhibited the germination of the fungus spores by more than 98%, while water extracts were less effective. The methanol extracts of henna, lantana, acalypha, chinaberry, and pomegranate exhibited a 100%-inhibition of spore germination. In addition, no significant differences were recorded between the methanol extracts of these five plants and the synthetic fungicide Fungshou. In a filed experiment, wheat plants were one- and two-time sprayed with henna, lantana, acalypha, chinaberry, and pomegranate water or methanol extracts. The results revealed that all plant extracts not only decreased the disease severity of the leaf rust, but also enhanced the grain yield components including spike weight, the 1000-kernel weight, and the test weight. Furthermore, the two-time spray application was more effective than the one-time spray. Our study indicated that water and methanol extracts of henna, lantana, acalypha, chinaberry, and pomegranate might be utilized for the control of wheat leaf-rust disease as a safe and environmentally friendly alternative to synthetic fungicides.}, keywords = {Wheat leaf rust,Plant extracts,biological control,disease management}, url = {https://jenvbs.journals.ekb.eg/article_12904.html}, eprint = {https://jenvbs.journals.ekb.eg/article_12904_387ed9fef361f8b4f6a9e8f5fa5a227b.pdf} } @article { author = {Farahat, Gamal}, title = {Biosynthesis of Nano Zinc and Using of Some Nanoparticles in Reducing of Cercospora Leaf Spot Disease of Sugar Beet in The Field}, journal = {Environment, Biodiversity and Soil Security}, volume = {2}, number = {2018}, pages = {103-117}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The National Centre for Information and Documentation (NIDOC), the Academy of Scientific Research and Technology}, issn = {2536-9415}, eissn = {2536-9423}, doi = {10.21608/jenvbs.2018.5213.1035}, abstract = {BIOSYNTHESIS of Zn nanoparticles(NPs) from 32 various plant samples were tested and subjected to 11 samples of ZnONPs from plant aqueous extracts, wherever, ZnNo3(1mmole) was used as precursor to synthesizing of ZnONPs. The UV-Vis spectral analysis of Morus nigra and Grevillea robusta plant leaves mix extracts (reaction mixture) were confirmed and showed performance of Zn NPs and exhibited as new sources for clean production and could be explored in various fields. During two tested seasons 2015/2016 and 2016/2017 and field conditions showed that, NPs of Ti followed by Zn caused to reducing of cercospora leaf spot (CLS) disease severity percentage of sugar beet plants and enhancement of TSS and sucrose contents, especially under high disease severity stress in season 2015/2016 compared to protected plants by eminent fungicide and control. NPs led to activation and recorded high enzymes activity values of enzymes of peroxidase up to 6 min and polyphenoloxidase up to 4 min estimation periods compared to control, so exhibited as mechanism in defense against CLS disease. Unseasonable weather conditions of temperature degrees, relative humidity percentage, wind velocity, pan evaporation and rain played an essential role in changement of CLS disease severity and susceptibility under field conditions during two tested seasons. The results recorded high percentages with first date of planting in September month in the first season of 2015/2016 with seven sugar beet genotypes than the second ones of October month and season of 2016/2017.}, keywords = {Biosynthesis ZnNPs,Cercospora leaf spot disease,peroxidase,Weather conditions}, url = {https://jenvbs.journals.ekb.eg/article_22036.html}, eprint = {https://jenvbs.journals.ekb.eg/article_22036_8d378b5cad426c1e51f59ce4ca23b987.pdf} } @article { author = {Afify, Aida and Hauka, Fathi and Elsawah, Ahmed}, title = {Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria Enhance Onion (Allium cepa L.) Productivity and Minimize Requisite Chemical Fertilization}, journal = {Environment, Biodiversity and Soil Security}, volume = {2}, number = {2018}, pages = {119-129}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The National Centre for Information and Documentation (NIDOC), the Academy of Scientific Research and Technology}, issn = {2536-9415}, eissn = {2536-9423}, doi = {10.21608/jenvbs.2019.6002.1036}, abstract = {A FIELD experiment was carried out on the farm of Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt during the winter season of 2016 to study the effect of bio-fertilization under different level of nitrogen and potassium (75% and 50% from the full dose) on the growth and yield of Onion plants. The obtained results showed that the microbial inoculation leads to a significant increase in growth parameters (foliage heights, number of leaves and dry weights). As well as NPK-contents as responded to all treatments under investigation in all stages of plant growth. The same trend was observed in yield parameters (bulb weights, total bulbs yield, Total soluble solids%, Dry matter% and NPK contents in bulb tissues). The treatment T4 (A. chroococcum + 75 % dose of NK) gave the highest total yield with an increase by 6.19% over the control. Also, the bio-fertilization has a pronounced increase in microbial count in comparison with the mineral fertilization. The obtained results of PGPR effects on growth parameters and yield of onion recommend their use as an alternative tool to reduce chemical fertilizers.}, keywords = {Onion Allium cepa L,Azotobacter Chroococcum,Klebsiella oxytoca and Rhizobium pusense}, url = {https://jenvbs.journals.ekb.eg/article_24174.html}, eprint = {https://jenvbs.journals.ekb.eg/article_24174_db17e3da44b1b22e694924de77c4201f.pdf} } @article { author = {Ghazi, Azza and Attia, Eman A. and Rashed, Nahed M.}, title = {Management of Charcoal Rot (Macrophomina phaseolina) Infection in Geranium (Pelargonium graveolens L.) Using Biocontrol Agents and Essential Oils}, journal = {Environment, Biodiversity and Soil Security}, volume = {2}, number = {2018}, pages = {131-142}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The National Centre for Information and Documentation (NIDOC), the Academy of Scientific Research and Technology}, issn = {2536-9415}, eissn = {2536-9423}, doi = {10.21608/jenvbs.2018.6399.1039}, abstract = {IN a trial to control charcoal rot disease (Macrophomina phaseolina) in geranium using ecofriendly strategies, antagonistic microbes and essential oils were used. the treatments included three bacterial isolates, Bacillus polymixa, B. circulance, B. Subtilis and one fungus Tricoderma harzianum in addition to five essential oils, (Syzygium aromaticum(cloves), Ocimum basilicum L. (basil), Mentha spicata (Spearmint), Majorana hortensis Moench (Marjoram) and Mentha piperita L. (Peppermint). The in vitro antagonistic effect of microbial isolates and essential oils against M. phaseolina isolated from infected geranium was estimated in Petri plats, The essential oils were used in three concentrations 1, 3 and 5 microliter/plate. the most promising treatments were applied in an artificially infested geranium in a greenhouse experiment along two growing seasons of 2017, 2018. The in vitro screening step indicated that among the treatments, Bacillus subtilis and Trichoderma harzianum were the most promising microbes against the fungal pathogen under study using the dual culture technique. On the other hand, Peppermint oil recorded the highest reduction in radial growth of pathogen followed by Basil oil while Marjoram oil had no effect on the growth of pathogen. The green house experiment showed that, most treatments were efficient in pathogenicity reduction but the microbial treatment exhibited an advantage over essential oil where growth and yield parameters were sharply improved. The maximum enhancement was attained at T5 treatment (infested + dipping for 30 min before planting and spraying with T. harzianum after every cutting process) at all cuts during 2017 and 2018 seasons. Also, T. harzianum increased oil %, which recorded 0.45, 0.30 and 0.38% at 2017 season and 0.47, 0.31 and 0.39% at 2018 season for 1st, 2nd and 3rd cut respectively. Therefore, microbial and essential oil treatments not only reduced the fungal infection but also enhanced vegetative growth of geranium plants.}, keywords = {Geranium,Bacillus,Trichoderma,Essential oils,Charcoal rot}, url = {https://jenvbs.journals.ekb.eg/article_24175.html}, eprint = {https://jenvbs.journals.ekb.eg/article_24175_34b2c72d74a1e0a0f46072ed7db9dbbc.pdf} } @article { author = {Draz, Ibrahim and Esmail, Samar and Abou-Zeid, Mohamed and Hafez, Yasser}, title = {Changeability in Stripe Rust Infection and Grain Yield of WheatAssociated to Climatic Conditions}, journal = {Environment, Biodiversity and Soil Security}, volume = {2}, number = {2018}, pages = {143-153}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The National Centre for Information and Documentation (NIDOC), the Academy of Scientific Research and Technology}, issn = {2536-9415}, eissn = {2536-9423}, doi = {10.21608/jenvbs.2019.6674.1040}, abstract = {STRIPE rust infection caused by Pucciniastrii formis f. sp. tritici was investigated in ten Egyptian wheat cultivars under field conditions during two seasons (2016/17 and 2017/18) at two locations (Sakha and Sids) differ climatologically in Egypt. Variable levels of rust infection followed by a significant reduction in grain weight were recorded at both locations. Stripe rust infections for Sids location (20S - 90S) were higher than those of Sakha location (TrMS - 70S). Average coefficient of infection (ACI) and grain weight loss for Sids location, reaching 90 ACI (Gemmeiza-11) and 23.12% (Giza-160), were higher than those of Sakha location up to 70 ACI and 16.72% in Giza-160. Grain weight loss was strongly associated with ACI among cultivars for both locations, recording r=0.9044 for Sakha location and r=0.8866 for Sids location. Climatic variations were recorded at both locations during the first four months of 2017 and 2018. Rainfall and relative humidity for Sakha location were higher than those of Sids location while wind speed for Sids location was higher than that of Sakha location. Temperatures were relatively close at both locations. ACI values for Sids location were higher than those of Sakha location, revealing correlation with climatic factors. This suggests that wind speed may play an important role in dispersal while relatively heavy rainfall may have opposing effects. The temperature was the main limiting factor for stripe rust infection (negatively associated), followed by relative humidity (positively associated). Our discovery represents a powerful tool for predicting disease infection and management.}, keywords = {Wheat,stripe rust,Climatic conditions,Disease infection,yield loss}, url = {https://jenvbs.journals.ekb.eg/article_24176.html}, eprint = {https://jenvbs.journals.ekb.eg/article_24176_f8a241f410017a84d335184ca525a371.pdf} } @article { author = {Abdalla, Neama and Ragab, Mohamed I. and Fári, Miklós and El-Ramady, Hassan and Alshaal, Tarek and Elhawat, Nevien and Elmahrouk, Mohamed and Elzaawely, Abdelnaser and Elsakhawy, Tamer and Omara, Alaa El-Dein and Taha, Hussein}, title = {Nanobiotechnology for Plants: Needs and Risks}, journal = {Environment, Biodiversity and Soil Security}, volume = {2}, number = {2018}, pages = {155-174}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The National Centre for Information and Documentation (NIDOC), the Academy of Scientific Research and Technology}, issn = {2536-9415}, eissn = {2536-9423}, doi = {10.21608/jenvbs.2018.6711.1041}, abstract = {NANOTECHNOLOGY has been revolutionized penetrating all sectors in our life through the nanoscience as an essential science for a wide range of technologies. Amazing achievements resulted from this nanotechnology including all agricultural fields such as plant nutrition and crop productivity, energy sector, food sector, and plant biotechnology. A conjugation between plant biotechnology and nanotechnology has been produced an important science called plant bio-nanotechnology. Several fields have been invaded through different nanobiotechnology applications in agriculture including (1) the nanotechnology of encapsulated agro-chemicals, (2) the monitoring of different environmental stresses and crop conditions using nanobiosensors, (3) the improvement of crop production and ameliorating plants against diseases and (4) solution several environmental problems. The crop productivity also could be improved using some new agro-chemicals (e.g., nanofertilizers and nanopesticides). These agro-chemicals are very effective in delivering encapsulating nanomaterials and then enhancement the productivity of crops as well as the suppress plant pests and diseases and protecting the environment from pollution. On the other hand, nanoparticles could enter the food chain via different nano-agrochemicals or nano-processed foods. Therefore, many approaches including uptake of nanoparticles by plants, entry and bio-distribution of nanoparticles into the food chain are needed before using of different bionanotechnological tools in agro-production sector. Further new regulations should be created or re-built for new approaches in plant bionanotechnology. Therefore, this review will focus on our needs and risks in the plant nano-biotechnology.}, keywords = {Plant bionanotechnology,nanobiotechnology,Agrochemicals,nanomaterial regulations,agronanobiotechnology}, url = {https://jenvbs.journals.ekb.eg/article_24177.html}, eprint = {https://jenvbs.journals.ekb.eg/article_24177_a76e2b97f44d6b2149edbfa3db8bd011.pdf} } @article { author = {Elbagory, Mohssen}, title = {Effectiveness of Organic Fertigation and Moringa Leaf Extract Spray as An Alternative to Chemical Fertigation for Improving Yield and Quality of Lettuce under Soilless Condition}, journal = {Environment, Biodiversity and Soil Security}, volume = {2}, number = {2018}, pages = {175-182}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The National Centre for Information and Documentation (NIDOC), the Academy of Scientific Research and Technology}, issn = {2536-9415}, eissn = {2536-9423}, doi = {10.21608/jenvbs.2019.6817.1047}, abstract = {TWO experiments were conducted at Sakha Agricultural Research Station, Bacteriology Lab greenhouse for studying the effect of fertigation with fish extract organic solution as an alternative to mineral nutrient solution as well as foliar spray with moringa leaf extract on morphological, chemical, microbial characteristics and yield of lettuce plant grown under soilless system during winter seasons of 2014 and 2015. In general, the results indicated that fertigation with the fish extract organic nutrient solution increase all the studied characteristics compared to fertigation with the mineral nutrient solution, except for NO3 content which sharply decreased due to organic nutrition treatment which attained 157.52 and 175.24 (mg plant-1) compared to 497.14 and 476.8 (mg plant-1) for mineral nutrition treatment at 2014 and 2015 seasons, respectively. Similarly, foliar spray with moringa extract with mineral nutrition decreased nitrate content (463.46 and 450.16 mg plant-1) lower than mineral nutrition without spray (497.14 and 476.8 mg plant-1) at 2014 and 2015 seasons, respectively. Therefore, positive results on vegetative growth, chemical characteristics and yield of lettuce plant grown under soilless system by using of fertigation with fish extract organic solution and foliar spray with moringa leaf extract to decrease the nutritive gap and vegetables nitrate pollution problems as well as partially avoid the problem of irrigation water shortage.}, keywords = {Organic fertigation, Moringa leaf extract, Soilless condition, Lettuce,yield}, url = {https://jenvbs.journals.ekb.eg/article_24178.html}, eprint = {https://jenvbs.journals.ekb.eg/article_24178_cfc448eba7b60048c9ea30c0b0b3bb69.pdf} } @article { author = {El-Nahrawy, Sahar and Abd El-Kodoos, Rizk Y. and Belal, El-Sayed B. and El-Shouny, Wagih}, title = {Production of Poly-β-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) by Azotobacter sp. Isolated from Different Sources}, journal = {Environment, Biodiversity and Soil Security}, volume = {2}, number = {2018}, pages = {183-192}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The National Centre for Information and Documentation (NIDOC), the Academy of Scientific Research and Technology}, issn = {2536-9415}, eissn = {2536-9423}, doi = {10.21608/jenvbs.2019.6781.1044}, abstract = {Thirty five bacterial isolates of Azotobacter were isolated from different sources, nine samples from clay soil and six samples from irrigation water which collected from different localities in El-Gharebia Governorate (Basyion) and Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate (Sakha) to study their ability for accumulation of biodegradable biopolymer poly-β-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) by screening for presence / absence of PHB using a Nile-red staining approach. Also, to achieve enough biomass from the efficient isolates for the production of PHB various incubation times, different fermentation media, pH, temperature, carbon and nitrogen sources were used. Among all isolates, the amount of PHB in the three efficient isolates were Az14 (2.37 g l-1), Az20 (1.25 g l-1) from clay soil, Az6 (1.66 g l-1) from irrigation water. Also, it can be concluded that the optimal conditions for production of PHB from the most efficient Azotobacter sp. (Az14) was at 30 oC, pH 7, incubation time for 48 h , the best carbon source was starch at (1%) and ammonium sulphate at (0.2%) as nitrogen source. These optimal conditions lead to increase the amount of PHB from 3.9 g l-1 to 5.31 g l-1 when use the inexpensive sources. So, these results lead to minimize the cost of production and increasing the amount of PHB contribute to solve the environmental pollution problem.}, keywords = {PHB,Biopolymer,Azotobacter,Renewable resources,Biodegradable plastics}, url = {https://jenvbs.journals.ekb.eg/article_26935.html}, eprint = {https://jenvbs.journals.ekb.eg/article_26935_6303c1a4c35d9cb8cd4716182fedf2f4.pdf} } @article { author = {Darwesh, Reda}, title = {Water Productivity for Egyptian Clover as Affected by Different Irrigation Regimes and Cultivation Methods in The North Middle Nile Delta Region}, journal = {Environment, Biodiversity and Soil Security}, volume = {2}, number = {2018}, pages = {193-203}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The National Centre for Information and Documentation (NIDOC), the Academy of Scientific Research and Technology}, issn = {2536-9415}, eissn = {2536-9423}, doi = {10.21608/jenvbs.2019.6775.1043}, abstract = {A FIELD experiment was conducted in the two successive winter seasons ( 2016-17 and 2017-18) to investigate the impact of cultivation method; dry cultivation ( dry seed on dry soil) and traditional one (wet seed on wet soil) and irrigation regime; five different irrigation regimes as follows, irrigation till 5 cm above soil surface, (traditional, I1), using soil moisture depletion (I2), irrigation with 0.8 from pan evaporation (I3), irrigation with Hargreaves equation, 1981 (I4) and irrigation till 2.5 cm above soil surface (I5).The obtained results showed that decreasing amount of irrigation water from traditional method (I1) to 2.5 cm above soil surface (I5) reduced fresh yield by 5.49 and 6.75 ton fed.-1 with water saving ≈14.5% (≈ 336.0 m3fed.-1,) for dry seeds cultivation method, and the corresponding values 4.87 and 7.34 ton fed.-1 with water saving 10.75% (≈ 280.0 m3fed.-1,) for wet cultivation one in the overall seasons. Meaningfully, an average of ≈ 700-840 million m3 water could be saved at the national level (≈2.5 million fed.). Moreover, mean reduction in dry yield by 24.62 kg fed.-1, (6.35 %) and 13.00 kg fed-1 (3.51 %) could be resulted from dry cultivation method, and by 36.45 kg fed-1 (8.68 %) and 10.91 kg fed-1 (2.60 %) could be resulted from wet cultivation method in the first and second seasons respectively.The highest overall mean values of water consumptive use (CU) and consumptive use efficiency (Ecu, %) were recorded irrigation without any stress during the growing season (I1). Productivity of irrigation water (PIW kgm-3) and water productivity (WP kgm-3) for fresh yield was the highest values recorded under I5 (the lowest water consumed) for dry and wet cultivation methods.}, keywords = {Irrigation regime,cultivation methods,crop water productivity,Egyptian clover crop}, url = {https://jenvbs.journals.ekb.eg/article_26933.html}, eprint = {https://jenvbs.journals.ekb.eg/article_26933_c88ae2762744b60e4300bc130b52d977.pdf} } @article { author = {Saad, Maged M. A. and Abo-Koura, Hanaa A.}, title = {Improvement of Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor l. Moench) Growth and Yield under Drought Stress by Inoculation with Bacillus cereus and Foliar Application of Potassium Silicate}, journal = {Environment, Biodiversity and Soil Security}, volume = {2}, number = {2018}, pages = {205-221}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The National Centre for Information and Documentation (NIDOC), the Academy of Scientific Research and Technology}, issn = {2536-9415}, eissn = {2536-9423}, doi = {10.21608/jenvbs.2019.6790.1045}, abstract = {TEN plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPRs) isolated from the rhizosphere of sorghum plants were screened for production of Indole acetic acid (IAA), exopolysaccharide (EPS), phosphate solubilizing, siderophore production and Hydrogen cyanide (HCN), in addition to the ability to withstand drought and heat stresses. The best performing isolate was identified by both biochemical and molecular methods as Bacillus with 99% similarity to B. cereus strain. The in vivo plant growth promoting activity of identified strain on Sorghum growth (Sorghum bicolor l. Moench) under drought stress was evaluated at a field experiment in combination with different levels of potassium silicate. Treatments included inoculation of seeds by B. cereus and three levels of K silicate (50.150 and 200 ppm) as foliar spray. Drought stress was achieved by spacing between irrigation times (20 days between each irrigation). Results showed that, supplementation of K silicate (50,150 and 200 ppm) plus PGPRs inoculation increased vegetative growth, RWC% and improved electrolyte leakage, recorded 76.2 %, 82.2 % and 80.2 % respectively. Proline content recorded 23.6%, 32.1% and 34.14% respectively under deficit water. As well as the combined treatment between inoculation and K silicate improved photosynthetic pigments, chlorophyll stability index, osmotic potential, plant K+, Ca2+ and Mg2+ accumulation, while reduced Na+ uptake besides that enhanced Na/K ratio compared to control under drought. Also, K silicate only or with PGPRs bacteria increased the total number of bacteria and actinomycetes in rhizosphere but reduced the number of soil fungi. Antioxidant enzymes were reduced affected by the combined action of inoculation with B. cereus and K silicate spraying. The results proved that the combination of PGPRs plus foliar application of K silicate is favorable treatment under drought stress.}, keywords = {sorghum plant,Photosynthetic pigments,proline,Osmotic potential,Yield and Drought Tolerance Index}, url = {https://jenvbs.journals.ekb.eg/article_26936.html}, eprint = {https://jenvbs.journals.ekb.eg/article_26936_d40d600f6bd8e9cd637f2eeed803d9e3.pdf} } @article { author = {El-Henawy, Ahmed and El-Sheikh, Islam and Hassan, Abdelhamid and Madein, Abdelsalam and El-Sheikh, Abdelazeem and El-Yamany, Abdalla and Radwan, Aliaa and Mohamed, Fatema and Khamees, Mohamed and Ramadan, Mahmoud and Abdelhamid, Manar and Khaled, Hagar and El-Faramawy, Heba and Ayoub, Yahia and Youssef, Sarwat and Faizy, Salah E.-D.}, title = {Response of Cultivated Broccoli and Red Cabbage Crops to Mineral, Organic and Nano-fertilizers}, journal = {Environment, Biodiversity and Soil Security}, volume = {2}, number = {2018}, pages = {221-231}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The National Centre for Information and Documentation (NIDOC), the Academy of Scientific Research and Technology}, issn = {2536-9415}, eissn = {2536-9423}, doi = {10.21608/jenvbs.2019.6797.1046}, abstract = {THE INTEGRATED application of different fertilizers including nano-fertilizers is a major area of interest within the modern agriculture. A field experiment was carried out aiming to investigate the effects of different types of fertilizers on growth development and productivity of red cabbage and broccoli under salinity and waterlogging stresses. The applied fertilizers included mineral fertilizer (i.e., recommended NPK fertilizers), organic fertilizer (i.e., compost tea) and nano-fertilizers (i.e., copper nanoparticles as nano-Cu) and selenium nanoparticles as nano-Se). The results verified that the vegetative growth of red cabbage and broccoli may depend on the kind of fertilizer. The recent results showed that treatments of nano-Se, nano-Cu and compost tea enhanced the plant growth, tolerance of plants to insects and induced the productivity. Our results revealed that integration of nano-fertilizers with organic fertilizers (compost tea) might be promising tool in modern and non-conventional agriculture. However, more investigations are still needed to clarify the effectiveness of these nanoparticles as well as the possible risks of using these nanomaterials if any.}, keywords = {Nano-Selenium,Nano-copper,compost tea,Sustainable agriculture,Biological nano-fertilizers}, url = {https://jenvbs.journals.ekb.eg/article_26937.html}, eprint = {https://jenvbs.journals.ekb.eg/article_26937_1009dc1fee057e76f560170a580b4bc9.pdf} }