2024-03-28T11:39:16Z
https://jenvbs.journals.ekb.eg/?_action=export&rf=summon&issue=21800
Environment, Biodiversity and Soil Security
EBSS
2536-9415
2536-9415
2021
5
Issue 2021
Environment, Biodiversity and Soil Security: A New Dimension in the Era of COVID-19
Hassan
El-Ramady
Abhishek
Singh
Vishnu
Rajput
Megahed
Amer
Alaa El-Dein
Omara
Tamer
Elsakhawy
Fathy
Elbehiry
Heba
Elbasiouny
Neama
Abdalla
Undoubtedly, COVID-19 pandemic is one of the most devastating pandemics in the recent era and major problem for sustainability of life. This virus has severely impacted both environmental and human health. Moreover, it has become the top priority among other challenging global issues including pollution, climate change, urbanization, and unsustainable consumption, which have led to major environmental disturbances and biodiversity loss. The COVID-19 may have long-lasting impacts on the environment health, biodiversity, and soil security, consequently, will raising several scientific questions to be investigated in near future including the expected environmental impacts of COVID-19 on soil, water and air, connecting the missing links between environmental pollutions and COVID-19. Most importantly, unraveling the role of soil in spreading or reducing transmission of the COVID-19 pandemic, and soil xenobiotics status under the COVID-19 outbreak. Understanding the projected management scenario of soil and freshwater pollution in the post-COVID-19 era and the potential impact of COVID-19 on food and soil security would be of immense aid in the preparation of future pandemics. This opinion article aims to analyze and foresee some of the major issues for meeting the United Nation’s Sustainable Development Goals.
Environmental issue
Coronavirus
SARS-CoV-2
soil health
Soil Quality
2021
02
01
1
14
https://jenvbs.journals.ekb.eg/article_145201_6e10be48fc5d1b7c9b727c2a452351fa.pdf
Environment, Biodiversity and Soil Security
EBSS
2536-9415
2536-9415
2021
5
Issue 2021
Importance of Bio-Organic Fertilizers on Peanut (Arachis Hypogaea L.) Nutrition Following Organic Farming Approach with Application of 15N Isotope Dilution Concept
Zaki
Zaki
Fahmy
Habib
Yehia
Galal
Abo ElNasr
Abdel Hameed
Abstract Field trial was conducted under low fertile sand soil conditions to follow up the role of organic additives with presence and absence of compatible bacterial inoculum in enhancement of peanut growth and yield. Bradyrhizobium spp. (foreign strain USDA 3456), inoculation resulted in relative increase of seed yield, as average, by about 5% over the un-inoculated plants despite of organic additive source. Similarly, organic additives had increased the seed yield, in average, over the non-treated plant which relatively accounted for 5%, 16% and 37% as affected by animal manure, leuceana residues and quail feces, respectively. On overall means basis of N uptake by seeds, comparison between organic additives indicated the superiority of animal manure over both of leuceana residues and quail feces. Nitrogen derived from mineral fertilizer seems to be higher in absence of organic manure and tended to decrease with addition of different organic amendments. Accordingly, the portion of fertilizer-N remained in soil after harvest was, in general, very low especially under organic amended soil and in absence of bacterial inoculation. Nitrogen derived from air by different plant parts on the basis of overall means indicated higher records accounted for 45.22 kg ha-1 with treatment leuceana residues followed by quail feces (45.22 kg ha-1) and animal manure (32.89 kg ha-1), respectively but all of them were superior over the un-treated treatment. Portion of N derived from organic sources was higher in seeds and straw than roots and seed cover, respectively.
Bradyrhizobium
Groundnut
inoculation
Soil manuring
Stable isotope
2021
02
01
15
29
https://jenvbs.journals.ekb.eg/article_140852_d74927047185e96a80488b7c086c0995.pdf
Environment, Biodiversity and Soil Security
EBSS
2536-9415
2536-9415
2021
5
Issue 2021
Removal of Potentially Toxic Elements (PTEs) from Contaminated Water Using Microcrystalline Cellulose Extracted from Rice Straw
Hassan
Abbas
mamdouh
abdelsabour
mohamed
abdelsalam
Maha
Ali
omar
khalifa
Water scarcity in Egypt leads to using all water resources, including reusing treated wastewater. The challenge facing us due to the usage of this resource is its contaminant loads of potentially toxic elements PTEs. One of the used technologies for removing these PTEs is sorption using sustainable adsorbent material, like cellulosic derived materials. Recently, sustainable sources of sorbent materials have attracted the consideration of prospective sorbents for the treat contaminated water. Microcrystalline cellulose is one of these materials; especially it can be prepared from agricultural wastes.In this study, microcrystalline cellulose prepared from rice straw with an eco-friendly method and tested for Pb, Cd, and Cu removal. Factors affecting metal ions removal were also investigated. Obtained results showed that the removal efficiency of the PTEs was 94, 72, and 89% for Pb, Cd, and Cu, respectively at 10 mg MCC L-1. Removal of Cd and Cu decreased to 200 mg L-1, however, for Pb the removal efficiency was near 90% till 150 mg L-1. In summary, the prepared MCC were shown as promising adsorbents can assist PTEs from contaminated wastewater.Keywords: Potentially toxic elements PTEs; microcrystalline cellulose MCC; contamination removal; lead; cadmium; copper
Potentially toxic elements PTEs
microcrystalline cellulose MCC
contamination removal
Lead
copper
2021
02
01
31
40
https://jenvbs.journals.ekb.eg/article_140855_f99b3e2b6e8846ded761debdc3baf6e8.pdf
Environment, Biodiversity and Soil Security
EBSS
2536-9415
2536-9415
2021
5
Issue 2021
The Living Cells and Elemental Synthesis: New Insights
Ayman
El-Ghamry
Noura
El-Naggar
Ahmed
Mosa
Ayman
El-Khateeb
El-Metwally
Selim
Haroun
aboushama
Ahmed
Elsawah
Hassan
El-Ramady
The generation of new elements inside living cells, either by nuclear fusion or nuclear fission is questionable. Nuclear fusion theory can interpret the increase of an element or reduction of another one following the dissociation of the atomic nucleus of some elements and recoordination of new integrated nuclei, which surrounded by electrons to neutralize protons of nucleus. To proof our hypothesis, in vitro microcosm investigations were carried out using two microbial stains (Bacillus amyloliquefaciens MN592674B and Escherichia coli), which spiked with seven trace elements (Ti, V, Co, Ni, Se, Mo, and B) in a closed system. Total trace element concentrations were determined using Inductivity Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES) at the end of inoculation experiment. Some trace elements (e.g. Se, V and Ni) showed increments, others (e.g. Ti and B) showed reductions; however, some trace elements such as Ag, B and Cd vanished completely from the microbial media. The addition of V, Co, Ni, Se, Mo, and B to B. amyloliquefaciens culture medium enhanced Bismuth (Bi) biosynthesis. This finding was also supported by Energy Eispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS) data, which showed substantial alterations in metals distribution in the outersphere surfaces as affected by the microbial strain and the spiked elements. In this regard, trace elements transformation differed greatly among bacterial strains. Findings from this investigation provide insights for understanding elemental transformations in the living cells.
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens
Escherichia coli
trace elements
Nuclear fusion
2021
02
01
41
57
https://jenvbs.journals.ekb.eg/article_150600_fd4b3b0ab194ddec702e7fface913797.pdf
Environment, Biodiversity and Soil Security
EBSS
2536-9415
2536-9415
2021
5
Issue 2021
Effect of Traditional Sources of Zn and ZnO-Nano-Particles Foliar Application on Productivity and P-Uptake of Maize Plants Grown on Sandy and Clay Loam Soils
Esmat
Noufal
Ihab
Farid
Manal
Attia
Rehab
Ahmed
Mohamed
Abbas
Zinc is an important nutrient for maize growth and productivity; yet, its availability in many soils seemed to be low. Appling Zn as soil fertilizers might not be the optimum solution to satisfy plant needs for this nutrient because Zn precipitates in presence of phosphate fertilizers. Alternatively, deficit of this nutrient may be amended through foliar application. Specifically, we hypothesized that the effect of Zn foliar application is quite enough to overcome Zn deficiency beside of its synergetic effect on P uptake. To test this hypothesis, a field study was conducted in a split-plot design where Zn-sources i.e. ZnSO4, Zn-EDTA and ZnO-nano-particles (ZnO-NP) were plotted in main plots while their rates of application (0, 5, 10 and 15 mg L-1) were schemed in sub-plots. Results obtained herein indicate that these three fertilizers not only improved significantly concentrations of both P and Zn in maize during V14-fouteenth leaf and physiological maturity growth stages but also increased significantly the available contents of these nutrients in soil, especially with increasing the level of foliar application. Moreover, these fertilizers improved significantly plant height during the above-mentioned growth stages and raised grain yield and 100-grain weight. The efficiency of these fertilizers could be arranged as follows: ZnO-NP> Zn-EDTA> ZnSO4. In conclusion, Zn foliar application especially in the nano form recorded a synergic effect on P availability and uptake; consequently these applications increased maize production with as just mentioned witht superiority for ZnO-NP; however, further studies are needed to investigate the residual effects of these nano-particles.
Zinc foliar application
phosphorus
Maize productivity
sandy soil
clay loam soil
2021
02
01
59
72
https://jenvbs.journals.ekb.eg/article_155310_5885d13547fb5e863b05f6139e5dbae3.pdf
Environment, Biodiversity and Soil Security
EBSS
2536-9415
2536-9415
2021
5
Issue 2021
Anatomical Changes of Cultivated Plants under Combined Stress: An Urgent Need for Investigation
Hassan
El-Ramady
Neama
Abdalla
Mohamed
Elmahrouk
Yousry
Bayoumi
Tamer
Elsakhawy
Alaa El-Dein
Omara
Tarek
Shalaby
The global food production and its quality face a lot of challenges, which already decreased the availability of these foods. These challenges were mainly linked to global climate changes and their ramifications, which are expressed as environmental stresses like drought, flooding, low or high heat stress. The new pandemics like COVID-19 also represent a new challenge for the entire universe. Although, there are increasing concerns about combined stress on cultivated plants, still more studies are needed to cover all botanical issues including physiological, morphological, biochemical and histological traits. Further studies are required to focus on different combined or multiple stresses in particular the individual stress is rare in the nature. This work is an invitation for publication reviews, comments, notes and original articles about the anatomical changes in stressful plants particularly under combined stress. The EBSS journal also welcomes the serious and promising studies, which will handle the environmental issues related to stress in the era of COVID-19.
salinity
drought
waterlogging
Physiological parameters, Morphological features
2021
02
01
73
83
https://jenvbs.journals.ekb.eg/article_163453_2f8c50272956980fd17ba3f45eef84e0.pdf
Environment, Biodiversity and Soil Security
EBSS
2536-9415
2536-9415
2021
5
Issue 2021
Phytoplasma-Induced Biochemical and Genetic Variations in Crassula argentea
Mayada
Seliem
Phytoplasma is a plant pathogenic bacteria that causes several morphological abnormalities.This study reports on biochemical and genetic variability between the phytoplasma infected (PI) and symptomless Crassula argentea plants using RAPD markers. Chemical composition of normal plants was higher of all elements. However, change in ferrous (Fe) content was not significant between normal and abnormal plants. Infected plants had potassium content higher than normal plant. Also, chlorophyll contents were decreased by phytoplasma infection. Water content was higher in infected plant than normal plant The electrophoresis revealed a high level of polymorphism among the studied plants. A total number of 67 amplified bands were generated across the PI and symptomless plants with polymorphism percentage of 32.8. The primers OPC10, OPK05 and OPU05 yielded different polymorphic banding patterns that were unique to each primer and distinguishable over the PI and symptomless plants. RAPD molecular marker analysis revealed epigenetic variations between normal and phytoplsma infected plants, and itcould be utilized for the identification of Crassula genotypes.
Fasciation
phytoplasma
Polymorphism
Crassula
elements
2021
02
01
85
94
https://jenvbs.journals.ekb.eg/article_165026_8566fe4ada00fbba133f19711843fdc7.pdf
Environment, Biodiversity and Soil Security
EBSS
2536-9415
2536-9415
2021
5
Issue 2021
Vermiwash Production From Some Types of Earthworms
Bodor
Elbanna
Heba
Elbasiouny
Azza
Mustafa
Ghanem
Kh
VERMIWASH is a dark-colored liquid fertilizer, which is collected after water passes via an earthworm culture column. It is rich in plant growth hormones, micro-and maco-nutrients like N, P, and K. An experiment was conducted using three earthworms’ types; Allopophora spp, Eisenia fetida and Perionyx excavates to produce vermiwash. Some chemical and microbial analyzes were performed (pH, EC, macro-and microelements, toxic metals, total count of aerobic bacterial, fungi, actinomycetes, total coliform, salmonella and shigella). The results indicated that pH of vermiwash was slightly alkaline and recorded 7.14 followed by 7.35 and 7.46 with the Allopophora spp, Eisenia fetida, and Perionyx excavatus, respectively. The electrical conductivity (EC) recorded an insignificant difference between Perionyx excavatus and Eisenia fetida it was 3.7 and 3.6 dS m-1. Using Perionyx excavatus and Eisenia fetida provided the highest total N values; 9044 and 9040 mg L-1 respectively, while the total P and K were the highest content (2627 and 2607mg L-1, respectively) when Perionyx excavatus was used. The concentration of Fe and Cu were the highest when using Perionyx excavatus with values of 16.4 and 0.21 mg L-1 respectively. The Mn recorded its highest concentration in M, Allopophora sppas 0.50 mg L-1. The vermiwash content of Cd, Ni, and Co was not detected, while the low Cr concentrations were recorded with the vermiwash resulting from the three earthworms. As well, the vermiwash obtained from the Perionyx excavatus was the highest in the total aerobic bacterial count, while Allopophora spp provided the best values for each total number of fungi and actinomycetes with an absence of total coliform, Salmonella and Shigella in all tested samples.
Vermiwash
Earthworms
Allopophora spp
- Eisenia fetida
Perionyx excavatus
2021
02
01
95
103
https://jenvbs.journals.ekb.eg/article_167524_bca5b1932cc2683da05a74a5469a6cb3.pdf
Environment, Biodiversity and Soil Security
EBSS
2536-9415
2536-9415
2021
5
Issue 2021
Cellulolytic activity of Trichoderma reesei and Bacillus subtilis against the plant pathogen Pythium debaryanum
Ahmed
Salem
Hany
Abdelrahman
This work focused on the degradability of Pythium debaryanum cell wall by cellulase enzymes produced by Bacillus subtilis MK537378 and Trichoderma reesei MK934489. B. subtilis showed higher Exo-1,4-β-D glucanase and Endo-1,4-β D-glucanase activities than T. reesei while the highest β-glucosidase activities were recorded for T. reesei. Antagonistic activities against P. debaryanum were investigated by the tested B. subtilis and T. reesei. Moreover, the cellulolytic activity of both B. subtilis and T. reesei against P. debaryanum was confirmed by using Congo red staining technique. Microscopic observations showed clear hyphal lysis and degradation of the fungal cell wall in a dual plate assay. Results of the greenhouse experiment emphasized that the inoculated tomato seeds with B. subtilis or T. reesei in the presence of P. debaryanum showed 73.5% and 76% reduction in disease incidence, respectively as compared to the seed treated with pathogen alone (85%). Dehydrogenase activity (DHA) of soil rhizosphere was significantly increased in all inoculated soil with B. subtilis and/or T. reesei compared with uninoculated ones. The inoculation of tomato with B. subtilis and T. reesei in presence of P. debaryanum induced high activities of peroxidase, polyphenoloxidase, and chitinase by increasing 49.3, 55.2, and 56.9%, respectively, over the control. The growth parameters and yield of the tomato plants significantly increased in response to the inoculation of B. subtilis MK537378 and T. reesei MK934489 compared to individual inoculation.
Cellulase-producing bacteria
Biocontrol
Pythium debaryanum
Defense enzymes
and Tomato yield
2021
02
01
105
119
https://jenvbs.journals.ekb.eg/article_169661_6e82945348c65297b8c61a0154818fb3.pdf
Environment, Biodiversity and Soil Security
EBSS
2536-9415
2536-9415
2021
5
Issue 2021
An Overview on Anatomy of Jerusalem Artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.)
Neama
Abdalla
Nermeen
Arafa
Hussein
Taha
Mohamed I.
Ragab
Salah
El-Miniawy
Ibolya
Tóth
Szilvia
Kovacs
Hassan
El-Ramady
Jerusalem artichoke (JA) is a promising crop, classified as a foodstuff (tubers), animal feed (feeds or silage), and an energy crop (for bioethanol production). This crop has several economic benefits including the production of inulin, fructose, and proteins, as well as raw materials for the chemical, pharmaceutical and food industries. The present review mainly focus on the anatomical structure of unstressed JA which has distinguished features for stems, leaves, stomata and trichomes. Anatomy of JA plant may support its responses to harsher conditions including the physiological and metabolic changes. Under stress conditions, JA may undergo some biochemical and anatomical adaptations to survive depending on the kind of stress, abiotic (e.g., drought, salinity, waterlogging, heat stress, etc.) and biotic (insects, microbes, herbivorous, etc.). Hence, due to the rare or may be nothing studies on anatomical structure of cultivated JA under stress, many futures studies are strongly required to reflect the real anatomicall situation of stressed JA plants.
Jerusalem artichoke
stomata
Stems
trichomes
Leaf
2021
02
01
121
130
https://jenvbs.journals.ekb.eg/article_190177_2e84eaee0c85799db5aea6f1adae6a69.pdf
Environment, Biodiversity and Soil Security
EBSS
2536-9415
2536-9415
2021
5
Issue 2021
Effect of Salicylic Acid and Glycine Betaine on Postharvest Gray Mold Diseases and Chilling Injury of "Wonderful" Pomegranate Fruit
Hayam
Elmenofy
Hammad
Ketta
The effect of glycine betaine (GB) and salicylic acid (SA) under different concentrations on chilling injury and gray mold (Botrytis cinerea, Pers.: Fr.) disease as well as weight loss, color, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, vitamin C, anthocyanin and enzyme activities of pomegranate cv. Wonderful fruits were investigated during 2018 and 2019 growing seasons. Obtained results indicate that chilling injury and gray mold disease were reduced significantly (p˂0.05) when treated with glycine betaine (40 mM, treatment T7) followed by salicylic acid (4 mM, treatment T4) compared to control treatment (T1). Electrolyte leakage (EL) and MDA content which indicates the membrane permeability and integrity of fungal-artificially inoculated Wonderful pomegranate fruits were evaluated. One-way ANOVAs indicated that the most effective treatment in decreasing EL and MDA was the treatment T7 followed by T4. Therefore, GB and SA treatments could maintain normal cell membrane structure and function through down-regulating MDA content and up-regulating peroxidase enzyme activity to alleviate chilling injury and gray mold disease in pomegranate cv. Wonderful fruits.
pomegranate cv. Wonderful
glycine betaine
Salicylic acid
Botrytis cinerea
Malondialdehyde
2021
02
01
131
154
https://jenvbs.journals.ekb.eg/article_175946_a82416b3844c94da5f3b2611dc34fb6b.pdf
Environment, Biodiversity and Soil Security
EBSS
2536-9415
2536-9415
2021
5
Issue 2021
Combined Application of various Sources of Organic Fertilizers with Biofertilizers for Improvement Potato Productivity and Soil Fertility Status
El-Saied
R.M.
Basma R.A.
Rashwan
A field experiments were carried out during two successive seasons 2019 and 2020 in a private farm at Belqas district, Al-Daqahlia Governorate, Egypt to assay the effect of various sources of organic fertilizers (farmyard manure, compost, chicken manure and spent coffee ground) added either solely or combination with biofertilizers (N-fixers and PK-dissolving bacteria) on the growth performance and productivity of potato plants. Results showed that the soil amended with chicken manure (24.7m3/ha.) and inoculated by dual biofertilizers i.e. Paenibacillus polymyxa as nitrogen fixing bacteria and Enterobacter cloacae as phosphate and potassium solubilizing bacteria that introduced as talc-based formulation containing mixed strains, significantly enhanced remaining nutrients in the soil post-harvest; Moreover, densities of bacterial population at 90 days’- time interval significantly increased. Also, the highest vegetative growth, yield attributes and tuber quality were recorded for the same treatment. On other hand, this treatment recorded the lowest nitrate content for both seasons. It is worth mentioning that soil amended with spent coffee grounds (27.17m3ha.-1) with bacterial inoculation has a positive effect on improving soil fertility and potato productivity.
potato
farmyard manure
compost
chicken manure
spent Coffee ground and biofertilization
2021
02
01
155
170
https://jenvbs.journals.ekb.eg/article_185297_37cab97e5a65d05b025ebea17418f8a6.pdf
Environment, Biodiversity and Soil Security
EBSS
2536-9415
2536-9415
2021
5
Issue 2021
Bio-Nano Fertilizers Preparation Using a Fully-Automated Apparatus: A Case Study of Nano-Selenium
Ayman
El-Ghamry
Ayman
El-Khateeb
Ahmed
Mosa
Hassan
El-Ramady
The global production of mineral fertilizers suffers from several critics due the serious problems, which penetrated the environment causing direct and indirect troubles for human health. Thus, the sustainable alternative “like bio-nanofertilizers” for the mineral fertilizers, that protects and conserves the environment will be a global aim. The present investigation introduces a simple and a fully-automated technique for producing bio-nano-fertilizers from abundant green materials. These nano-fertilizers were produced using plant extracts as a protocol for the biosynthesis of nanoparticles based-fertilizers. The innovative device can work automatically without human intervention by programming its units to produce homogeneous nanoparticles. Three plant extracts (i.e., Nerium oleander, Azadirachta indica, and Cinnamomum camphora) were selected to produce nano selenium using this device, and the nano-products were further investigated using both zeta potential and transmission electron microscope (TEM). Further investigations including more nano-fertilizers will be published in the future with more details for different kinds of nutrients.
nano selenium
Bio-nanofertilizer
Nerium oleander
Azadirachta indica
Cinnamomum camphora
2021
02
01
171
183
https://jenvbs.journals.ekb.eg/article_191320_9e56f338a6f38876372406d60937a877.pdf
Environment, Biodiversity and Soil Security
EBSS
2536-9415
2536-9415
2021
5
Issue 2021
Environmental Assessment of El-Gharbia Main Drain Water
Ahmed
Abosena
Hassan
Abbas
Ihab
Farid
Mohamed
El-Kholy
Samples of water, sediments and aquatic plants were collected from different sites along EL-Gharbia main drain. The sampling processes were carried out seasonally. The collected samples were subjected for a series of analyses, in terms of total and available contents of macro nutrients and potentially toxic elements (PTEs), biological investigation (pathogens contents) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biological oxygen demand (BOD). Water samples taken at most of the study sites during the year can be regarded acceptable for agricultural use, but only under particular conditions. On the other hand, these waters are not appropriate for agricultural use from a biological point of view. Enrichment factor (EF) values of the sediments were low for Mn, Zn, Co, B, Co, Cr, Ni and Pb in all seasons and at most sites. Unlike the EF values of the aforementioned PTEs, the enrichment factor for cadmium was generally, high at most sites within the four seasons. EF values of Pb were moderate at most sites. The bioaccumulation factor (BCF) values of the shoot of aquatic plants and BCF values of the roots were generally high for most elements in all seasons. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that these metals were originated from natural (Cd, Co, B and Cu) and anthropogenic (Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, Ni and Cr) sources.
environment
Wastewater
Potentially toxic elements Pollution
Aquatic plant and Sediment
2021
02
01
185
203
https://jenvbs.journals.ekb.eg/article_185298_53b2f6954c8559b6770d63b8a83ddbaa.pdf
Environment, Biodiversity and Soil Security
EBSS
2536-9415
2536-9415
2021
5
Issue 2021
Nano-Selenium and its Interaction with other Nano-Nutrients in Soil under Stressful Plants: A Mini-Review
Hassan
El-Ramady
Naglaa
Taha
Tarek
Shalaby
Tamer
Elsakhawy
Alaa El-Dein
Omara
Jozsef
Prokisch
Yousry
Bayoumi
The massive application of nanoparticles in many sectors including medicine, agriculture and industry caused the inevitable release into different environmental compartments particularly groundwater and soil. The fate and behavior of these nanoparticles in soil and groundwater and their effects on soil biosystem remain largely unaddressed. Nano-selenium (Se-NPs) has intensive applications nowadays in different agroecosystems, but several studies concerning this behavior in plants and soils carried out in individual case studies. Thus, the interaction of nano-selenium with different other nano-nutrients in soils and their uptake by cultivated plants still need urgent investigations. Based on the interaction is a common feature in the nature. Therefore, there are still also many unanswered questions regarding the interaction of Se-NPs with other nano-nutrients in soil like when these reactions will be synergistic or antagonistic? Which factors can control the bioavailability of nano-Se in soil in presence of other nano-nutrients? What is the expected role of stressful plants in orientation of this interaction among nano-nutrients?
biotic stress
Nano-silica
plant Pathogens
Nano-copper oxide
nano-zinc oxide
2021
02
01
205
220
https://jenvbs.journals.ekb.eg/article_204128_0baddc0ceb9bd198a9a488e4f7812d97.pdf
Environment, Biodiversity and Soil Security
EBSS
2536-9415
2536-9415
2021
5
Issue 2021
Biodiversity Resources: A case Study of Egyptian Natural Reserves and Botanical Gardens
Hassan
El-Ramady
Neama
Abdalla
Many human activities have led to biodiversity loss including the degradation of habitats, the overuse of natural resources, invasive species outbreaks, deforestation, and climate changes. Egypt is located in a distinguished area in the North of Africa, which depends on the existence of the Nile River and its Delta beside both Mediterranean and Red Sea. This location gave Egypt several features as a suitable place for many migrant birds from Europe beside its habitation for several and rare plant species. So, the Egyptian government established several protected areas (about 30 beside 14 will be in the near future), however, these places still need more concerns especially from the point of view of biodiversity. In this study, it was highlighted only on three famous protectorates (i.e., Siwa Oasis, Burullus Lake and Shalateen region) and three botanical gardens (Al-Azhar park, Orman and Aswan botanical garden) in Egypt. This work is a call by EBSS to receive more different articles (original papers, reviews or short communications) about the biodiversity from different places all over the world. The main five habitats and ecosystems in Egypt include desert habitat, marine habitat, wetlands habitat, artificial habitat, and fresh water habitat system. This call will be a great support on different types of biodiversity including soil, water and plant biodiversity. Several open questions concerning this theme are still need to be answered such as what are the expected results on the global biodiversity in soil and water after the COVID-19 spreading?
Biodiversity loss
Biodiversity conservation
Biodiversity dimensions
National parks
Protected Areas
2021
02
01
221
234
https://jenvbs.journals.ekb.eg/article_204131_3816c0945088323d63a182639ab8390f.pdf
Environment, Biodiversity and Soil Security
EBSS
2536-9415
2536-9415
2021
5
Issue 2021
Foliar Application of Nano-Fertilizers for Fruit Cracking: A Short Communication
Hassan
El-Ramady
Mayada
Seliem
Mohamed
Elmahrouk
The growth and fruit yield of many trees are totally depended on several factors, including environmental and soil conditions, cultivars, agricultural operations particularly the fertilization and irrigation, as well as the tree nutritional status. Many wrong agricultural operations might cause serious problem for the crop productivity like cracking in fruits. Many strategies for protecting crop from cracking fruits and its management are essential to guarantee producing the high yield. The application of nanomaterials to overcome a lot of problems facing crop productivity especially abiotic/biotic stress has been confirmed by several studies. Nanofertilizers as nanomaterials have several benefits, which can support the crop production under stressful conditions through improving shell life, quantity and quality of crops, increasing nutrient use efficiency and plant bioavailability and extending the duration of nutrients release into rhizosphere up to 30-50 days. The using of nanofertilizers for cracked fruits is still a new approach in fighting fruit cracking, which needs more investigations. These studies open many questions including which kind of nanofertilizers could be used against fruit cracking? And which applied dose could be used and when?
Nanoparticles
fertilizers
Horticultural crops
Nano-nutrition
Nano-nutrients
2021
02
01
235
244
https://jenvbs.journals.ekb.eg/article_204133_965719beb8a971124a77878a527b76dd.pdf
Environment, Biodiversity and Soil Security
EBSS
2536-9415
2536-9415
2021
5
Issue 2021
Paclobutrazol Applications in Agriculture, Plant Tissue Cultures and Its Potential as Stress Ameliorant: A mini Review
Neama
Abdalla
Naglaa
Taha
Yousry
Bayoumi
Hassan
El-Ramady
Tarek
Shalaby
Paclobutrazol (PBZ) is a plant growth regulator and it is a type of triazole, which could stop the biosynthesis of growth and development hormone (gibberellin). PBZ is also used to decrease the canopy volume and increase the flowering strength of many crops like peach. PBZ can shorten the plant height, increase the stem diameter and number of leaves as well. PBZ could be also used to control flowers blooming and fruits set. PBZ efficiency in plant tissue cultures have been reported as one of the most important inhibitory substances, which slow growth and decrease the numbers of subcultures. Moreover, PBZ has been widely applied in vitro to reduce growth and induce flowering. On the other hand, a lot of studies confirmed the promoting effect of PBZ for plants tolerance/resistance to different abiotic/biotic stresses. However, more studies concerning the ecotoxicology of PBZ in different environmental compartments are still needed to be investigated. In addition, the impact of PBZ on cultivated plants under combined stresses like heat-drought or drought-salinity is still needed to examine.
PBZ retardant
Gibberellin
in Vitro
drought
salinity
2021
02
01
245
257
https://jenvbs.journals.ekb.eg/article_204138_1f387a60e294b9da67bef0901cb3f11f.pdf
Environment, Biodiversity and Soil Security
EBSS
2536-9415
2536-9415
2021
5
Issue 2021
Nano-Management of Phytoplasma Diseases in Horticultural Plants: A Short Communication
Mohamed
Elmahrouk
Mayada
Seliem
Hassan
El-Ramady
Phytoplasma and its associated plant diseases is a serious threat to the production of several horticultural crops, which leads to severe losses in the yield worldwide. Phytoplasmas could be considered “one of the most molecularly enigmatic genera of plant pathogens” due to the lack in complete knowledge about “phytoplasma-host–pathogen–vector interactions” and the inability to culture them successfully in vitro. The main problem of phytoplasma is the serious economic losses in diverse cultivated crops, which associated with phytoplasma diseases particularly the horticultural crops (i.e., vegetables, fruits, and ornamental plants), as well as oil crops, cereals, sugarcane, cassava, spices, etc. Several reports have published about the impacts of phytoplasma diseases in different horticultural crops all over the world, which may cause economic losses up to 100% under severe epidemics like phytoplasma associated-disease of grape in Europe “Flavescence dorée”. Therefore, the management of phytoplasma has gain a great concern worldwide depending on all levels. This is a call by EBSS for articles about the phytoplasmas and their impacts on horticultural crops as well as any further studies on epidemiology and developing epidemiological models for spreading and distribution alarming phytoplasma diseases, which should be carried out to devise strategies against phytoplasma epidemics. There are many open questions regarding phytoplasma in horticultural crops especially the very complex relationship in the host–pathogen–insect interactions, as well as the management of phytoplasma-infected crops. Can nano-diagnosis and control be being an effective in management of phytoplasma diseases and their pathogens particularly at the early stage?
plant Pathogens
Horticultural crops
Candidatus Phytoplasma
Nanotechnology
2021
02
01
259
266
https://jenvbs.journals.ekb.eg/article_204141_a86ed54236a103e73abddb9d956c8a73.pdf
Environment, Biodiversity and Soil Security
EBSS
2536-9415
2536-9415
2021
5
Issue 2021
Nano-Silicon for Plant Biotic Stress: A Short Communication
Yousry
Bayoumi
Tarek
Shalaby
Naglaa
Taha
Hassan
El-Ramady
THE GLOBAL food production faces great threats including the changing in climate, and different environmental stresses, which may decrease it causing global food insecurity. So, many new approaches and technology are become crucial to solve this problem like nanotechnology. Nanofertilizers, like nano silica, have several benefits including higher use efficiency, improving nutrients uptake, higher plant growth and vigor, higher crop yield and its quality, reducing the environmental stress on cultivated plants, and higher economic feasibility compared to traditional fertilizers. Nano-silica (SiO2-NPs), as less toxic and immensely stable, has several applications especially in the medicine and agricultural fields. Silica nanoparticles has been also applied for supporting cultivated plants under biotic/abiotic stress, the nano-remediation of the environment pollutants (like heavy metals, organic pollutants and radioactive compounds in soil and water), and water purification. This is a call by EBSS for different kind of articles including original articles, mini-review or reviews and others. The environmental dimension of silica nanoparticles in the medicine, industry, or agricultural fields has a great priority to publish beside other new approaches in the security of food, soil, water and energy.
Nano-silica
plant Pathogens
Phytopathology
salinity
drought
Stress
2021
02
01
267
274
https://jenvbs.journals.ekb.eg/article_204146_4f3b8e4dc0a5db87f6f91b9a6f76d1f5.pdf
Environment, Biodiversity and Soil Security
EBSS
2536-9415
2536-9415
2021
5
Issue 2021
Application of Nanoparticles to Control Cuscuta spp. in Horticultural Orchards: A Short Communication
Mayada
Seliem
Mohamed
Elmahrouk
Hassan
El-Ramady
THE DODDER plants are well known as holo-parasitic stem weeds and belong Cuscuta genius (family Convolvulaceae), including about 200 species distributed worldwide. Cuscuta spp. have the ability to cause a serious damage to several agricultural and horticultural crops, which estimated to be than 300 million farmers in the world, causing severe losses in the yield of many crops. The main problem of dodder plants represents in penetrating host plant tissues by the haustoria of Cuscuta and uptake everything from the host plants including nutrients, water, macromolecules (i.e., proteins and mRNAs), and even pathogens through vascular connections. As parasitic weeds, several applied materials have been used to control the Cuscuta plants like nutrients (e.g., Ca, B, K, N, and Si) and herbicides, but the nanoparticles or nanomaterials are still need concern. This is a call for submission articles including original papers, reviews, notes on the expected role of nanoparticles like nano silica on control Cuscuta plants in horticultural orchards. Is nano silica the right applied nanoparticles to control Cuscuta spp. in horticultural orchards?
Nanoparticles
Nano-herbicides
Horticultural crops
Nano-nutrition
Nano silica
2021
02
01
275
280
https://jenvbs.journals.ekb.eg/article_204148_1d1b89ac34f5001b7de3b4fa990b9e7f.pdf
Environment, Biodiversity and Soil Security
EBSS
2536-9415
2536-9415
2021
5
Issue 2021
Molecular Plant Nutrition in the Era of Nanotechnology: A Short Communication
Sarwat
Youssef
Mohamed
Koriem
Hassan
El-Ramady
PLANT nutrition is an important branch of plant biology, which deals with different nutrients, and their uptake by cultivated plants as well as their biochemical functions in plants. This science is also involving the production of safe and healthy food depending on the famous rule “the right 4R Nutrient Stewardship to improve nutrient use efficiency”. Several methodologies have been used in plant nutrition research including pot, hydroponic or soilless, micro-farm and field studies, as well as in vitro or plant tissue culture. These studies have focused on many aspects (i.e., physiological, biochemical, anatomical and molecular scales). The molecular plant nutrition has become a crucial issue in different case studies concerning agricultural production particularly under stressful conditions. Molecular plant nutrition research has gained a new dimension in the era of nanotechnology especially under plant nano-nutrition. Several open questions still need to be answered such as what are the possible applications of nanotechnology in molecular plant nutrition? To what extent nano-nutrients can be used in molecular plant nutrition studies and which criteria should be followed in this usage?
Nutrients
Nanoparticles
Nano-nutrients
Genetic level
Nano-nutrition
2021
02
01
281
288
https://jenvbs.journals.ekb.eg/article_204151_a118135c3a303807a593dc34bd9ae940.pdf
Environment, Biodiversity and Soil Security
EBSS
2536-9415
2536-9415
2021
5
Issue 2021
Activities Profile of Irradiated Streptomyces Alfalfae Strain XY25 in Vitro
rashed
zaghloul
Yehia
Galal
Hussein
Abdel Aziz
Hany
Abdelrahman
Ahmed
Salem
Abeer
Mousa
Susan
Weesa
Different samples used for Streptomyces spp. isolation. Obtained isolates examined for their zinc solubilization efficiency % (ZSE %), phosphate solubilization efficiency (PSE), siderophore production, indole acetic acid (IAA), cytokinin, and gibberellin production capacity. The most potent three isolates were genetically identified by 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. The identified isolates were related to Streptomyces alfalfae strain XY25, Streptomyces litmocidini strain NRRL B-3635 and Streptomyces hawaiiensis strain ISP 5042. The spores of S. alfalfae, S. litmocidini, and S. hawaiiensis were exposed to increasable doses of 60Co Ɣ-rays (5, 10, 15, and 20 kGy), according to the climatic changes, the effect of irradiation formed a stress condition, so that examination the effect of irradiation on the most efficacious three strains' activities. Amongst the four radiation doses, e.g., 5 kGy, 10 kGy, 15 kGy and 20kGy, the 15 kGy Ɣ-rays show the most effective radiation dose, especially for the 1st or 2nd generation activities of S. alfalfae. This is a new study that uses high radiation dose treatments to enhance the activity of S. alfalfae, S. litmocidini and S. hawaiiensis. Because as far as our knowledge, this is the first report on their activity.
Plant growth-promoting (PGP)
16S rRNA gene sequence analysis
Streptomyces alfalfae strain XY25
Streptomyces litmocidini strain NRRL B-3635
Streptomyces hawaiiensis strain ISP 5042
2021
02
01
289
303
https://jenvbs.journals.ekb.eg/article_210169_5ce2b9e05fc6a57b0e84073234ee9de1.pdf
Environment, Biodiversity and Soil Security
EBSS
2536-9415
2536-9415
2021
5
Issue 2021
Nano-Management of Bitter Pit in Apple Crop: A Short Communication
Hassan
El-Ramady
Atilla
Illés
Ahmed
Ezzat Kassem
Jozsef
Prokisch
Imre
Holb
Bitter pit is a physiological disorder in apple, which may happen during the end of season or during the postharvest. This phenomenon causes high economic losses for farmers and exporters as well. It is thought that calcium has a very strong relationship with bitter pit in apple, which appears as browning points due to the phenolic oxidation mainly during storage and death of cells directly below the fruit peels. The management of bitter pit depends on the enough and continues supplying Ca to cultivated apple trees before harvesting the fruits. The impacts of applied nano-Ca treatment on fruit quality of apple were more significant comparing to the conventional application of calcium chloride. These impacts included improving several quality characteristics such as total soluble solids in fruits, fruit firmness, titratable acidity, total antioxidant activity, total phenolic and anthocyanins content, as well as the contents of total sugars, starch, fiber, and calcium content. Therefore, there is an urgent need for further investigations concerning using of different nanofertilizers to avoid the problems of bitter pit in apple. Other applications of nanomaterials may support apple trees against this problem, which may open many fields in agro-nanotechnology.
Calcium deficiency
Nano-calcium
Nano-magnesium
Phenolic oxidation
2021
02
01
305
310
https://jenvbs.journals.ekb.eg/article_205292_68f3ea319d105abdbb70a038ccd58ac9.pdf
Environment, Biodiversity and Soil Security
EBSS
2536-9415
2536-9415
2021
5
Issue 2021
The potential synergistic activity of chitosan-essential oils combination for fighting multidrug-resistant Salmonella Typhimurium and Staphylococcus aureus
Hoda, R.A.
El-Zehery
Zaghloul
R.A
Salem
A.A.
Abdel-Rahman
H.M.
El-Dougdoug
K.H.
Multidrug resistance among bacteria is now one of the most pressing issues in global public health. So, novel and more effective antibacterial materials are needed to address this challenge. The current study aims to use natural antibacterial agents and new strategies to prevent the growth of multidrug-resistant Salmonella Typhimuṛium and Staphylococcus aureus. Ten essential oils (EOs) and their mixture, chemical preservatives, chitosan, nano-chitosan, chitosan solution/film loaded with Eos were tested as antibacterial agents against pathogenic bacterial strains. Salmonella Typhimurium ATCC 25566 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538 were the most resistant to several antibiotics. Each essential oil of turmeric, cumin, pepper black, and marjoram, had no effect on S. Typhimurium while Staph. aureus was sensitive to them. However, clove, thyme, cinnamon, and garlic EO showed the maximum effect on S. Typhimurium and Staph. aureus. Their minimal inhibition concentration (MIC) was (350, 400, 350, and 500 μl 100-1) against S. Typhimurium and (250, 350, 250, and 400 μl 100-1 ml) against Staph. aureus, respectively. The mixture of clove and thyme recorded higher antibacterial activity values against S. Typhimurium and Staph. aureus compared to the mixture of other oils. Chitosan and nano-chitosan demonstrated potent antibacterial activity against S. Typhimurium and Staph aureus. Staph. auṛeus was more sensitive to nano chitosan. The mixture solution of chitosan, clove, and thyme was the most active combination against S. Typhimurium and Staph. aureus. Biodegradable chitosan film loaded with EOs was more effective antibacterial activity against S. Typhimurium and S. aureus than chitosan-free-essential oils films.
pathogens
Essential oils
Chitosan
Nano-chitosan
Biodegradable film
2021
02
01
311
322
https://jenvbs.journals.ekb.eg/article_204286_9d29dae2eef09e11b561444a7662b0d8.pdf
Environment, Biodiversity and Soil Security
EBSS
2536-9415
2536-9415
2021
5
Issue 2021
Microplastics Pollution in the Environment: Challenges and Future Prospectives: A Mini-Review
Heba
Elbasiouny
Fathy
Elbehiry
Amina
Zedan
Hassan
El-Ramady
Microplastics Pollution in the Environment: Challenges and Future Prospectives: A Mini-Review Heba Elbasiouny, Fathy Elbehiry, Amina Zedan, and Hassan El-Ramady 18 - 10 - 2021 Plastic pollution becomes an emerging global concern because of the increasing usage and rapid distribution in the environment. Plastics defragment into small particles, of which the particles that are smaller than 5 mm is defined as microplastics. Microplastic in found even in the water bottles and different ecosystems. It reaches to the environment from many sources because of human activities. It has many negative impacts on the environments and organisms including accumulation in the food chain and collecting the contamination (either organic or inorganic) from the surroundings. However, there is a gap of knowledge in this hot topic especially regarding the effect of microplastics on the terrestrial ecosystem. Therefore, this mini review highlights this issue and addressing some challenges and future prospective in this regard.
Microplastic
pollution
environment
Soil
Aquatic ecosystems
2021
02
01
323
330
https://jenvbs.journals.ekb.eg/article_205233_a978515faf076d44f7094f706adaef5b.pdf
Environment, Biodiversity and Soil Security
EBSS
2536-9415
2536-9415
2021
5
Issue 2021
Fortification of Functional Foods for Human Health: A Case Study of Honey and Yogurt for Diabetes
Jozsef
Prokisch
Khandsuren
Badgar
Hassan
El-Ramady
Day by day, human faces many diseases that may depend on several factors including the lifestyle and genetic factors. After COVID-19 spreading, several sectors in our life are totally changed particularly the global medical system, which has been pushed to its breaking point. Furthermore, many human diseases, especially for the elderly and those with comorbidities, are at a great risk for adverse outcomes due to COVID-19 such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension severe obesity, and coronary disease. As one of the global top 10 deathly diseases, diabetes mellitus can cause many health complications including cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, stroke, damage to the nerves, eyes and cognitive impairment. Beside the pharmaceutical treatments against diabetes, several functional foods (particularly honey and yogurt) could be fortified with many essential nutrients like copper, iodine, selenium, and zinc. These functions foods are rich in many bioactive ingredients, which support the human body to fight against such diabetes such as phenolic acids, flavonoids, vitamins and antioxidants. Feeding the human with yogurt mixed with the honey, which already has been fortified with many essential nutrients or vitamins, is important a new approach in fortification program again diseases like diabetes. This study opens new windows in the fortification field towards the human fighting against diseases like diabetes.
Agronomic fortification
bioactive ingredients
Nanonutrients
Biofortification
COVID-19
2021
02
01
331
340
https://jenvbs.journals.ekb.eg/article_216796_19c3b1cf4da54f1cf9f5329768584f18.pdf