Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1
Plant Biotechnology Department, Genetic Engineering Division, National Research Center, 33-El-Behouth St., 12622 Dokki, Giza, Egypt
2
Horticulture Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Shoubra Elkheima, Cairo, Egypt
3
Horticulture Dept., Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Shoubra El-Kheima, Cairo, Egypt
4
Plant Biotechnology Department, Genetic Engineering Division, National Research Center, 33-El-Behouth Street, 12622 Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
5
Agricultural Botanics, Plant Physiology and Biotechnology Department, University of Debrecen, AGTC Böszörményi u. 138, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
6
Agricultural Botany, Plant Physiology and Plant Biotechnology Dept., Debrecen University, Debrecen, Hungary
7
Plant Biotechnology Department, Genetic Engineering Division, National Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
Abstract
Due to several byproducts derived from Jerusalem artichoke (JA), it has several ecological and economical benefits in bioenergy production, functional foods and human health. These bio-based multi-products include fructose, inulin, antioxidants, natural fungicides and bio-ethanol. This study included the assessment of some biochemical components of in vitro callus and in vivo leaves and tubers of three JA cultivars and their significant role for human health. Inulin as a functional food ingredient, fructose, protein and polyphenols were selected. The most important findings demonstrated that the inulin content in tubers of any studied JA cultivar was 4-5 folds that in callus. The lowest values of fructose among JA fractions were recorded for callus of the three studied cultivars. Both callus and leaves of all studied JA cultivars showed the highest crude protein comparing with the tubers. The total soluble phenols were higher in callus of all JA cultivars than both leaves and tubers. This study may open a window on the potential of plant tissue culture techniques for increasing such important bioactive compounds for human health. This is the first report handles the comparison among callus, tubers and leaves of three JA cultivars in their content of the bioactive compounds. Further investigations are required not only to determine the fractionations of the bioactive compounds but also different approaches of tissue culture techniques should be employed to increase the studied bioactive components particularly the inulin and fructose in the investigated JA cultivars.
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